head like a hole
black as your soul.
you're going to get what you deserve
Paul Joseph Goebbels was a small man but his voice was mesmerizing.

Goebbels' speech was never wavering from its carefully crafted message of German superiority and rabid anti-Semitism. As Hitler's Minister for Public Enlightenment and Propaganda, Goebbels masterminded the Nazi propaganda machine and executed its murderous agenda. And no one believed his message more than Goebbels himself.

The battle of Stalingrad had ended, and the true seriousness of the war was evident to everyone. Goebbels wanted the speech to build popular enthusiasm for the war, and also to convince Hitler to give him greater powers in running the war economy.
Nation, Rise Up, and Let the Storm Break Loose
by Joseph Goebbels
by Joseph Goebbels
Albert Speer reports talking with Goebbels afterwards:
"Except for Hitler's most successful public meetings, I had never seen an audience so effectively roused to fanaticism. Back in his home, Goebbels astonished me by analyzing what had seemed to be a purely emotional outburst in terms of its psychological effect — much as an experienced actor might have done. He was also satisfied with his audience that evening. "Did you notice? They reacted to the smallest nuance and applauded at just the right moments. It was the politically best-trained audience you can find in Germany."



July 27, 1943


July 27, 1943


One flight engineer in a 7 Squadron Lancaster noted at 17,000 feet a cloud of smoke rising from the city to engulf them: "We could definitely smell... Well, it was like burning flesh. It's not a thing I like talking about.


One tactic used by the Royal Air Force and the United States Army Air Force was the creation of firestorms. This was achieved by dropping incendiary bombs, filled with highly combustible chemicals such as magnesium, phosphorus or petroleum jelly (napalm), in clusters over a specific target. After the area caught fire, the air above the bombed area, become extremely hot and rose rapidly. Cold air then rushed in at ground level from the outside and people were sucked into the fire.

The Americans concluded that: 1. the raid was legitimate because of the military ends achieved, 2. there was nothing extraordinary about the bombings as the methods used were comparable to previous raids, and 3. the raid was legitimized by the normal chain of command.

I know that the destruction of so large and splendid a city at this late stage of the war was considered unnecessary ... Here I will only say that the attack on Dresden was at the time considered a military necessity by much more important people than myself, and that if their judgment was right the same arguments must apply ... about the ethics of bombing as a whole.
Air Marshall Arthur Harris
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